Experimental Studies on Generation of Ethanol from Paper Waste

Abstract

At this time India is witnessing a new phase in development with rapid economic growth and high rate of urbanization. Construction provides the direct means for the development, expansion, improvement and maintenance of human settlements is particular and economic growth in general. Construction activity accounts for more than 50% of the development outlays in India.  For a developing nation like India, the current energy portfolio is dominated by fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and petroleum products. Due to the rapid depletion and limited available resources, the price of fossil fuel increases. Also, fossil fuel induces climate change, environmental pollution, and rising global temperature. There is urgent need to shift from conventional energy to renewable energy source for sustainable and economic growth and to enhance a country’s energy security. Bio-fuel offers an attractive source of energy for the substitution of fossil fuels, and looking at the huge demand for diesel in all sectors of the economy, the biodiesel is being viewed as the best substitute for diesel. The other advantage for bio-fuel promotion in India is climate change mitigation through reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. This article provides the current status of biodiesel development in India and discusses the role played by the Centre and state government in promoting second-generation feedstock (non-edible seeds) and third-generation feedstock (algae) for biodiesel production.